Human Genome Programs of the National Institutes of Health

To aid in this scene of action of the explore, the Division of Extramural Research (DER) for NHGRI was established to support and sleep together the roles of the NIH in the HGP, to set the scientific priorities to be followed for HGP research, and to supervise peer-reviewed research projects on the homophile genome (NHGRI, 2004). The DER is advised by the NHGRI National in regulateative Council for Human Genome Research (NACHGR), and the extramural research community. The DER oversees such(prenominal) major(ip) areas of human genome research as: the development of technologies for gene sequencing and function; the analysis of gene function and the proteins for which they encode; computer engineering science developed to manage and disseminate the data generated by the HGP; find the crucial differences in the genetic makeup of individuals from each opposite; and the examination of ethical, legal, and moral implications arising from genetic research. Implicit in such oversight is control of the quality of HGP research.

Process-oriented quality measures are necessary for maintaining the efficiency of sequencing and for generating reliable quality data (Rowan, Mahairas and Hood, 1997). Personnel motivating to be properly trained and sequencing precision is essential. Programs can delineate a quality measure to each base in a consensus grade. Contiguity can be controlled by period assembly programs, and by the succes

In 1997 at the Second International Strategy Meeting on Human Genome Sequencing, the NHGRI reconfirmed the principles set out at the first meting in 1996 that sequence assemblies of 2 kb or larger should be released by participating laboratories within 24-hours of their generation (NHGRI, 2000). At this meeting, the scientists hold on a set of quality control standards for human genome research (DOE, 2003). They concord that: the nucleotide error rate should be 1 error in 10,000 bases or less for more or less sequences; assemblies should be verified by restriction digest use two or more restriction enzymes; the long bourne goal would be for no gaps in sequences; and closing gaps should be the responsibility of the participants.

It was also agreed that data exchange would be performed to assess sequence accuracy, where raw sequence data would be exchanged among sequencing centers who would reassemble the data and identify discrepancies or ambiguities; altogether sequence reads would be archived in a retrievable form; and sequencing centers would define explicitly how they calculate error rates and costs. It was agreed that sequence annotation should be standardized and include: error estimation; enzymes utilise; details on how to assemble contiguous clones; gaps sized and the surrounding sequence oriented and ordered; methods used for sizing and reasons for not closing gaps dis coatingd; coding sequence and splice sites noted as identified experimentally or by computer; and for unfinished sequences, it should be stated how close they are to completion.

Cardiogenomics. (2003). Quality control (QC)/Quality assurance (QA). hypertext transfer protocol://cardiogenomics.med.harvard.edu/component-detail?project_id=240

Rowan, L., Mahairas, G., & Hood, L. (1997). Sequencing the human genome. Science, 278(5338): 605-607.

http://www.genome.gov/page.cfm?pageID=10000910

Fondon, J. W., Mele, G. M., Brezinschek, R. I., Cummings, D., Pande, A., Wren, J., O'Brien, K. M., Kupfer, K. C., Wei, M-H,
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