Racism in Cullens Incident and Soyinkas Telephone Conversation Essay

Racism in Cullens Incident and Soyinkas earphone converse   The rime  Incident, by Countee Cullen, deals with the effect racial discrimination has on a young portentous nestling vacationing in Baltimore.  The child is mistreated by a gaberdine child and disturbed in his innocence so much that after pass seven months in Baltimore, this is all he remembers.  A different poem,  Telephone confabulation, by Wole Soyinka, also deals with this issue, but from a different perspective.  In this poem a man is trying to rent an apartment but the owner of the analyzable doesnt want him to move in because he is African.  She asks him  How dark?   Are you decrepit / Or very dark?.   Each black person in their respective poems deals with the prejudice in the best way they know how.  The way they delay it shines a light on the skill and wisdom gained, while border a negative light on the ignorance broadcast from the racist people.   In the States at the time  Incident  takes place, people were very much againstthe black population.  This was also the case in England where  Telephone Conversation  takes place, only not as much so.  The white child in  Incident  has obviously been taught to detest or look down on this race of people.  He will plausibly grow up to be as closed-minded and ignorant as the woman in  Telephone Conversation.   It is probable that the woman in  Telephone Conversation  was taught this from her youth as well, although the poem doesn t specify this.  It is also practical that it is a decision she made on her own.  She is older, however, and should know better.  The black man in ... ...e and identity insulted is a horrible thing, but to be able to refuse strong inside yourself and know who you are is true strength and displays a wiz of true wisdom.  Though the young boy in  Incident couldnt dupe this at his young age, it can be assumed that he eventually did and became confident(p) enough to write about it.    These two poems show a chronology of strength and wisdom gained from the black child through the black man, and also a chronology of ignorance and racism gained from the white child through the white woman.  These poems fit together greatly and each intends to send the same communicate, only from different perspectives.  A great message about strength in ones own identity can be gained from reading each individually, but if you read them together you can really depend the importance of the message intended. Racism in Cullens Incident and Soyinkas Telephone Conversation EssayRacism in Cullens Incident and Soyinkas Telephone Conversation   The poem  Incident, by Countee Cullen, deals with the effect racism has on a young black child vacationing in Baltimore.  The child is mistreated by a white child and disturbed in his innocence so much that after spending seven months in Baltimore, this is all he remembers.  A different poem,  Telephone Conversation, by Wole Soyinka, also deals with this issue, but from a different perspective.  In this poem a man is trying to rent an apartment but the owner of the complex doesnt want him to move in because he is African.  She asks him  How dark?   Are you light / Or very dark?.   Each black person in their respective poems deals with the prejudice in the best way they know how.  The way they handle it shines a light on the strength and wisdom gained, while casting a negative light on the ignorance broadcast from the racist people.   In America at the time  Incident  takes place, people were very much againstthe black population.  This was also the case in England where  Telephone Conversation  takes place, only not as much so.  The white child in  Incident  has obviously been taught to hate or look down on this race of people.  He will probably grow up to be as closed-minded and ignorant as the woman in  Telephone Conversation.   It is probable that the woman in  Telephone Conversation  was taught this from her youth as well, although the poem doesn t specify this.  It is also possible that it is a decision she made on her own.  She is older, however, and should know better.  The black man in ... ...e and identity insulted is a horrible thing, but to be able to stand strong inside yourself and know who you are is true strength and displays a sense of true wisdom.  Though the young boy in  Incident couldnt realize this at his young age, it can be assumed that he eventually did and became confident enough to write about it.    These two poems show a chronology of strength and wisdom gained from the black child through the black man, and also a chronology of ignorance and racism gained from the white child through the white woman.  These poems fit together greatly and each intends to send the same message, only from different perspectives.  A great message about strength in ones own identity can be gained from reading each individually, but if you read them together you can really see the importance of the message intended.

Carvers boxes: Something Is Not Right :: essays research papers

Carvers "Boxes" Something is Not RightHave you ever had that eerie looking at in the back of your listen thatsomething just is not right? It is as if there is some unknown reason that asituation has a different baseborning then what is obvious. This feeling is thedisguised backbone of Raymond Carvers figment, "Boxes". In this story the sonseems to be experiencing this feeling as his mother decides to move again.There are gaps in the story melody which shows that the sons dialog does notmatch up with his thoughts throughout the situation. These gaps highlight ahidden theme that associates the sons feelings about his mother moving with herdeath.One of the reasons the son unconsciously believes he will never see hismother again, is because his mother mentions more than once in the story thatshe would like to die. These gaps in the story where the mother mentions endin the same scenes that have to do with her moving associates her moving withher death. One instance that she mentions destruction is where she is complainingabout the weather in Longview "I mean it, honey. I dont want to see thisplace again except from my coffin. I hate this g.d. place. I dont know why Imoved here. I indirect request I could just die and get it over with" (p. 413). I do notthink the son believes she really wants to die but she puts the idea of herdying in his subconscious. There is a gap at that calculate that is up to thereader to figure out. The gap is widened farther in that same scene. The sonremembers intellection about a man working on a power line. The man leaned outsupported only by a safety rap and the son thought about if the man fell. Theson is still on the phone with his mother "I didnt have any idea what I was press release to say next. I had to say something. But I was filled with unworthyfeelings, thoughts no son should admit to. Youre my mother, I said finally.What can I do to help?" (p. 413). What were these thoughts? Why does nt thenarrator tell us? The son cannot help being affected by these powerful words ofhis mother. This gap in the story is important because the son is thinkingabout how that man working on the pole could easily die if his safety belt doesnot hold. At this point he also has unmentionable thoughts about his mother.

Sociology and Globalisation Essay -- Sociology Essays

Many historians and sociologists have identified a transformation in the frugal processes of the world and society in upstart times. There has been an extensive increase in developments in technology and the economy as a whole in the twentieth century. Globalization has been recognized as a new age in which the world has developed into what Giddens identifies to be a single social system (Anthony Giddens 1993 Sociology pg 528), due to the rise of interdependence of unhomogeneous countries on one another, therefore affecting practically everyone within society. In this essay I will give a detailed explanation of what sociologists blind drunk by the term globalization and how they have tried to explain it. Globalisation can be construed in many ways. Many sociologists describe it as an sequence in which national sovereignty is disappearing as a result of a technological revolution, causing space and time to be virtually irrelevant. It is an economic revolution, which Ro land Robertson refers to in his book Globalisation 1992 pg 8, as the compression of the world and the intensification of consciousness of the world as a whole. It is argued that globalisation allows the world to become increasingly more united, with people more conscious of ethnic, societal, civilizational and individual aspects of their lives. When exploring the topic of globalisation, sociologists have categorised the term into three components, economic, political and cultural globalisation. They have done this in order explain what it means. I have aimed within this essay to explain all three types of globalisation in order to answer the essay question. I intend to concentrate mainly on the economic an... ...e them (Marsh, Making Sense of Society, 2000 pg 487). What we can understand on the whole, is what sociologists mean by the term globalisation is that it is a profound, dynamic process which is affecting the world immensely. It seems from wha t I have examined so far about globalisation that there may come a time eventually, when a world government comes into existence, where international inequalities will always remain and where social conflict will always be active. This is because the policies that drive the globalisation process are largely focussed on the needs of business. Globalisation is a continuing process which needs to be managed wisely. It is a crucial development which has and always will cause significant social changes within society and the world as a whole.

Population And Food Essay -- essays research papers

The United Nations projects that the global population, currently at 6 billion, will peak at about 10 billion in the next century and then stabilize or even decline.(popindex.Princeton.edu) A question immediately following the statement, tail the Earth victuals that many tribe? It is understood that even if viands crops increase sufficiently, other renewable resources, including many fisheries and forests, are already under pressure. Our solid food payoff doubled from 1961 to 1994, but there are still people who go hungry. (popindex.Princeton.edu) This is because the human population has increased more speedyly than the food production. matchless of the well-known economists Thomas Robert Malthus claimed that there was an imbalance between population growth and our ability to produce food. In his famous work, An Essay on the Principle of Population, his regulation of population was based on three main points population cannot increase without the means of subsistence popula tion invariable increases when the means of subsistence are available and the superior might of population cannot be checked without producing misery or vice. When taking into account Malthuss principle of population it is evident that his fundamental analysis of population has been proven right.Since the earths resources are finite, when human population increases, it affects human beings. Will there be a problem if population keeps increasing? Rapid population growth and the technical development of society have led to difficulties for farmers worldwide to maintain this dual compatibility. In fact, today farmers face demands for a high productivity as well as environmentally sound, sustainable farming practices. Some economists believe human beings have the ability to produce enough food to feed all the people in the world, but according to Malthuss theory, this cannot happen. When the number of people keeps increasing while the amount of available food stays the comparable or even declines, human beings will face a scarcity of resources and overpopulation in the world. This is what happening right now. According to a well known biologist-Paul R. Ehrlich, who verbalize The amount of food available restrains the size of any animal population, unless space, disease, predators, or some other factor sets lower limits(Ehrlich, 66). What he means is that food production is an element that contro... ...ening in Chiapas, and also Sierra Leone, Burundi, Kenya, etc. The majority of hungry people live in developing countries since they are considered less important than people in developed countries. Even though Malthus principle was printed about 201 years ago, generally, his principle is proven right today. Studies have shown that countries, which have huge populations, will sense misery. If human beings still ignore the problem of the population growth and the food supply, other problems will follow, such as civil strife and food shortages. Furthermore, rapid population growth may affect poverty by affecting the correlates of poverty low wages, lack of human capital such as culture and health, and lack of income earning assets such as land income inequality and loss of economic growth. The only way to solve the problem between the population growth and the food supply is to reduce our population by using contraceptive tools. The other way is to distribute our food evenly to all people around the world. If food were distributed evenly to all people, famine will not happen. Now, it is time to face reality. It is time to change our world. It is time to solve our problem.

Essay --

Chemistry is vitally important in our understanding physiology. The molecule of my choice for this final exam is Carbohydrates. Carbohydrates are originated as the outcome of photosynthesis, the abridgement of carbon dioxide that requires light energy and chlorophyll pigment. Carbohydrates are a huge source of something called metabolic energy, which can be found in plants which help hunt down our animals. Carbohydrates are found in sugars and starches but they have another purpose which is called cellulose which helps transport the compound ATP. Carbs are called saccharides and if they are considered sugars. The confusedity of carbohydrates which are monosaccharides and complex carbs which dwell of polysaccharides disaccharides and oligosaccharides. Carbohydrates represent the main source of energy for the human personify. All carbs can be broken down into sugars and absorbed into our intestines and blood stream. Your body uses the glucose formed as fuel for energy. Different carbs digest and break down at different rates. When our blood sugar levels increase our pancreas pumps insulin into our blood stream. Simple carbs turn into glucose faster where complex carbs slowly turn into glucose. The foods we eat that contain carbohydrates cause our blood sugar levels to increase, transporter proteins push the glucose into our muscles, liver cells and fat where our bodies store or end up using the glucose. The cells in our bodies cant directly use the glucose, so it has to be converted into molecules that cells then use as an energy source. One of the nigh important molecule for energy storing is the adenosine triphosphate known as ATP. When our cells contain oxygen it can then turn glucose into the ATP molecules using some chemical rea... ...gy from. Without carbs your body cant store fat, that is why people end up going on no carb diets. Throughout the process of glycolysis glucose is converted into carbon dioxide and water, making a big quantity of ATP wh ich is what makes energy. Glycogen is found in animals liver as an emergency energy supply. The sugars that basis the structures of DNA and RNA are ribose and deoxyribose which are other important carbohydrates. When we drink milk the carbohydrate is lactose formed from glucose and galactose. Some ways our bodies can get carbohydrates can be found in whole grains, vegetables and dry beans, sugars from fruits and natural foods are a healthy carbohydrate that our body processes fast. The bad carbohydrates we consume such as processed foods and empty nutritionists calorie foods cause glucose to process slowly in our bodies.

Essay --

Chemistry is vitally important in our understanding physiology. The molecule of my choice for this final exam is Carbohydrates. Carbohydrates are originated as the essence of photosynthesis, the condensation of carbon dioxide that requires light energy and chlorophyll pigment. Carbohydrates are a huge source of something called metabolic energy, which can be erect in plants which champion feed our animals. Carbohydrates are found in sugars and starches but they have another purpose which is called cellulose which helps transport the compound ATP. Carbs are called saccharides and if they are considered sugars. The multifactoriality of carbohydrates which are monosaccharides and complex carbs which consist of polysaccharides disaccharides and oligosaccharides. Carbohydrates represent the main source of energy for the human body. All carbs can be broken down into sugars and absorbed into our intestines and blood stream. Your body uses the glucose make as fuel for energy. Different carbs digest and break down at different rates. When our blood sugar levels increase our pancreas pumps insulin into our blood stream. Simple carbs turn into glucose rapid where complex carbs slowly turn into glucose. The foods we eat that contain carbohydrates cause our blood sugar levels to increase, transporter proteins push the glucose into our muscles, liver cells and fat where our bodies store or abrogate up using the glucose. The cells in our bodies cant directly use the glucose, so it has to be converted into molecules that cells then use as an energy source. bingle of the most important molecule for energy storing is the adenosine triphosphate known as ATP. When our cells contain oxygen it can then turn glucose into the ATP molecules using some chemic rea... ...gy from. Without carbs your body cant store fat, that is why people end up going on no carb diets. Throughout the process of glycolysis glucose is converted into carbon dioxide and water, making a big quantity of ATP which is what makes energy. Glycogen is found in animals liver as an emergency energy supply. The sugars that basis the structures of DNA and RNA are ribose and deoxyribose which are other important carbohydrates. When we drink milk the carbohydrate is lactose formed from glucose and galactose. Some ways our bodies can get carbohydrates can be found in whole grains, vegetables and dry beans, sugars from fruits and natural foods are a healthy carbohydrate that our body processes fast. The bad carbohydrates we consume such as processed foods and quash calorie foods cause glucose to process slowly in our bodies.

Analysis of Video “The World is Flat” Essay

Key issues or Problems in the videoThe title The World is Flat was taken from a statement by Nandan Nilekani, the former Infosys (an Indian IT company) CEO. It seems like if hadnt met Nandan then he wouldnt have even written this book. He talks about Americans and the developing world only if says nearly nothing about Africa, Europe & Australia. The World is flat applies better to batch with similar kind of economic conditions. In developing world, a big draw of population is poor or much below poverty line as per American standard. Their first challenge is access to food and Education. How could they be leave of level playing field and shape this world flat. Friedman says first that Nineteenth century belonged to English, Twentieth Century to USA and Twenty first Century to China. Friedman argues that latest age of globalization entrust be spearheaded by Individuals. He just made this assumption after meeting the cab driver in capital of Hungary & Peruvian Dishware seller w ho have their own websites. The percentage of people doing their own business like this is still extremely low to claim that the era belongs to them. It feels like an exaggeration.Its conflicting that on one hand, he says 21st century belongs to China and on the other hand, he says latest age of globalization (which is now) allow be spearheaded by Individuals. I cant accept his methods and question his research and interview process. Friedman is stating something without actually based on sure documented facts, but on talks with friends and CEOs he visits. By what it leaves out, it does nothing more than misinform the people around the World. In the end, he talks about Green crude Clean energy which kind of feel out of context from the main topic. Critique of video, Supporting arguments, rebuttals of ideas I think there is a lot to criticise about the Video The World is Flat. Friedmans view of the globalized world is often obsessed with the successful multinational corporations of India. In the video he talks about individuals or free agents, but being a free agent is riskier. Free agents will not have fixed salary and health care benefits (Source Brown, C.V.).If there is a free agent in India, he cant work for American company without Social Security twist for Tax purposes. 90% of the worlds telephone calls, Internet traffic, and investments are local, suggesting that this Video has overstated the trends. His talk of a new flat worldwhere information, money, ideas, and people can move worldwide faster than before is unreal, we just see a fraction of what he describes globalization (Refer Sourcewiki). Globalization causes unemployment here in America. It is shipping jobs outside America where its easy to find cheap labor.The winners will be capitalists worldwide causing income inequality everywhere. This would imply that Globalization will pretend the world NON-Flat instead. He talks about mashing the two specializations to take aimher which doesnt alw ays give the better result. Actions I would take next and wherefore or personal experience dealing with the issues The video presents more of an American perspective. Friedmans work history has been mostly with The NY Times, and has definitely affected the way due to which he thinks this way. I would have liked his ideas in a more inclusive voice to show the whole Worlds perspective. I would encourage ordinary trade instead of free trade.If we put his claims to test against documented facts. It will not pass. I would have liked more research and references. World will be actually a level playing field when everybody will have a fair opportunity to Education & Resource of Technology. If I make a website and start selling say Baseball bats. First of all, there will be a Brand position issue that is why would people come to me instead of going to Store like Sports Authority or so where they can try and test things before buying. Secondly, In real world, its hard to be an Individual a nd manage the whole thing like getting the stuff made in foreign countries, handle the custom portion, get it shipped etc. on your own.Sources(2014, May 9). The World is Flat. Retrieved Jun 7, 2011 from Wiki http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_World_Is_Flat Brown, C.V., Dehayes, D.W., Hoffer, J.A., Martin, E.W., & Perkins, W.C. (2012). Managing information technology (7th ed.) Managing IT in a digital world. Upper Saddle River, NJ Prentice Hall.

Destructors/the Lottery Compare and Contrast Essay

While the characters in the two short stories Destructors by Gramham Greene and The Lottery by Shirley Jackson had unexpected endings the characters vary in qualities, emotions, and motivation. Each bill seems to reveal a surprising prohibitedcome and turn of events as their personalities unfolded. As the climax grew the outcome was non so predictable. In the Destructors the main characters were T (Trevor), the augury, and Mr. Thomas (Old Misery). Trevor was the new recruit and was described as being very silent and reserved. The author begins to paint a picture of how Trevors life used to be.It stated that his father use to be an architect but is now a clerk as they have come kill in the world (Greene). His mother had even viewed herself as being better than the neighbors. Trevor was very upset with the middle class and wanted to take his revenge and frustrations out on a nearby neighbors house, Old Miserys. Starved with envy he concocted a scheme to destroy the house not just by vandalizing the property but by literally destroying it from the inside out until there was nothing left. It seemed as though no one in truth new Trevor and would have envisioned what he was actually capable of.The emotions, attitudes, and the behaviors of Trevor were intense as he was obsessed with destroying Old Miserys house. His emotions seem to sire out of control as Mr. Thomas ends up arriving home early and the rest of the Gang is ready to bail as the fear of getting caught presents itself. Trevor yells that it is not fair. This statement is very important as it now reflects and shows the drive and passion for destroying Old Myserys house. Blacke a fellow gang member agrees to stay and complete the tasks at hand.I thought that Trevor was very egotistic for his acts. It was not right to destroy someones home due to envy. Later in the story he shows his compassion as he locked the Mr. Thomas in the shed and gave him some food and a blanket so that he didnt starve or get cold during the night while they completed the job. The motivation behind Trevors actions was that he was upset that his house and lifestyle had been destroyed. Statements early in the story like Wren built that house father says reflects that T was in deep though regarding Old Miserys house.At origin the text edition didnt reveal his thought and actions but as the story was told his actions were known. There are various events in the story that make you forefront his motivation as they find Old Miserys money. Blacke asked Trevor was he going to steal and he says no that they were not thieves and end up burning it. Its remaining that you can view taking money as a thief but not find fault in destroying someones home. The incident that he even burned Old Miserys money depicted this overwhelming need for Old Misery to experience the financial sort that he and his family was experiencing.Unlike the Destructors who had only a few characters there were many characters that made a brief appearance in the story. The author really didnt go into great detail regarding one individual but provides just enough to set the foundation of each character. The main characters of this short story were Tessie Hutchens and The Lottery. Tessie Hutchens play a major role as I felt she was the protagonist in the story. Tessie stands out from the beginning as she arrives late to the Lottery. The fact that she was doing house nominate and almost forgot what day it was shows that she had very little c erstrn.The emotions, attitudes, and the behaviors of that of the Lottery were very similar to that of the Destructors. The community carried out this horrible tradition without a second thought. Tessie was very selfish as she was willing to sacrifice her family to save herself. Everyone was well aware of the rules and regulations of this traditional event. Bill Hutchinson selected the slip of paper that would put his family in the drawing for the Lottery. But once Tess had won the Lottery she goes into a rampage and affrights stating You didnt give him enough time to take any paper he wanted.I saw you. It wasnt fair She demanded a recount and gave various excuses why they should start over. During her outrage and panic she goes as far as to suggest that her daughter and son in law should be included in the Hutchinson family. The proctor of this event states Daughters draw with their husbands families, Tessie, and that You know that as well as anyone else. Its odd that she didnt study enough of the Lottery to show up on time but now that she has won the Lottery its a different story. At first glance you couldnt tell the motivation of Tess.As it wasnt clear as to what the Lottery was. At first the story had a sense of quietude by all involved It wasnt until the end of the story that it was revealed what the lottery actually meant.. The fact that Tess was protesting the matter showed that it could not be a good thing. Her panic was created in the fear of he r being stoned to death. She was also willing to break a tradition that had been conducted for over 76 years because she had won. As long as she didnt win the lottery she had very little concern.But in the end everyone around her was eager to carry out the tradition and get on with their day. The reasons of this tradition were never revealed but it was conveyed that this was something that was carried out every year without a second thought. Both of these stories carried very unbelievable and disturbing situations. In some slipway they were alike and in others very different. In the destructors it was a bit concerning that a young boy could have so much anger towards a house and be mad because of his situation. As a result he then passed on that anger and resentment to a fellow neighbor.The character Trevor seemed to not cipher about anyone else but himself. The story left me feeling sorry for Mr. Thomas as he now had no house and money. In the Lottery its indefinite on how so ma ny people could go along with such a horrible tradition and the lack that no one would even question the validly of it. It also showed that Tess was very selfish as she was willing to sacrifice anyone but herself. It makes you wonder how a mother could even fathom to put their infant in their place for such a heinous act. In the end this reveals a scary side of human nature.

Gun Violence

There argon many kind of violence in the world, and the most common and deadly is gun-related violence. Not surprisingly, gun violence is one of the major public concerns in the American society. Interestingly, gun violence is also most common in urban areas and it is in close joint with youth activity and gang violence. There are many impetuous crime related to guns and the presence of guns often would trigger many violent crimes. Since 1865, chairperson Abraham Lincoln, President James Garfield, President William McKinley, and President John F. Kennedy were assassinated, and the gun violence for Americans has become quite common. Moreover, high profile gun violence incidents, such as the assassinations of Robert F. Kennedy, Martin Luther King, and to a greater extent recently, the Columbine High School massacre, the Beltway sniper attacks, and the Virginia Tech massacre have also fueled debate over gun policies. According to the report, prevalence of homicide and violent crime is greatest in urban areas of the get together States.In metropolitan areas, the homicide stray in 2005 was 6. 1 per 100,000 compared with 3. in non-metropolitan counties (fbi. gov). In America, cities with populations greater than 250,000, the mean homicide rate was 12. 1 per 100,000 (fbi. gov), and the rates of gun-related homicides are greater in southern and western states. In America, to get a gun is somewhat easy. It is not expensive and in that location are many firearms available. According to the report, among juveniles, the minor under the age of 16, 17, or 18, serving in correctional facilities, 86% owned a gun at some time, and 66% acquiring their first gun by age 14 (fbi. ov).Juveniles most often acquire guns from family, friends, drug dealers, and street contacts. In interior(a) city, youth cite self-protection from enemies as the top reason for carrying a gun. Moreover, the mind of youth is immature, and they usually be impetuous and easily given to passions or ac t on impulse and without due consideration. This is shown in statistics that most violent crimes related to guns were committed by the youths. Even though gun itself is neutral, we cannot deny the authorisation danger elated with guns. Guns are meant to protect the people, but it often calld as a tool to commit violent crimes. Therefore, establishing the laws and the limitations to pr pointtion the youth to tally guns is important. Also, families and schools should educate and guide our youths more carefully. Dont let our society become more and more dangerous and give our offspring a rubber eraser living space by promoting stricter firearm controls and zero tolerance on youth gun self-discipline.Gun ViolenceGun Violence Gun violence, in the United States especially, is a growing concern and highly debated topic when the discussion of gun control is brought up. Here are several facts that I found to be troubling, and even disturbing. * The average of guns deaths in the annual i s less than 50 in Japan compared to more than 10,000 in the United States. (http//www. heedinggodscall. org/ subject/pfctoolkit-10) The number of gun related deaths in the United States dwarfs that of Japan annually, perhaps a sign of the overwhelming amount of gang violence in the U.S. * The per capita gun death rate in lah is the highest annually in the United States at 19. 04%. The lowest per capita death rate is help in Rhode Island, Massachusetts and Hawaii at a unspotted 2. 02%. (http//www. heedinggodscall. org/content/pfctoolkit-10) Per 100,000 people, almost twenty percent of the population would die in a gun related homicide. That number seems incredibly high. * Lifetime U. S. edical costs for gunfire injuries are an estimated $2. 3 billion, with U. S. taxpayers paying $1. 1 billion, almost half of the total. (http//www. heedinggodscall. org/content/pfctoolkit-10) In an effort to keep that number down, it might be smart to sick a little more funding into law enforcement to keep guns out of criminals hands in the first place. * Guns in a home base two-fold the risk of a family member being killed by a gun. (http//www. ncbi. nlm. nih. ov/pubmed/8371731) I dont know how I feel about this statistic as the use of a firearm for protection can save a life even though this stat says that the gun in the household makes it immediately more dangerous. * A 1993 study gathered that 2. 45 million crimes are thwarted by guns in the United States every year. (LaPierre, Wayne (1994). Guns, Crime, and Freedom. Regnery Publishing. p. 23. ISBN 0-89526-477-3. ) This is the other side of gun possession seen as a positive. With guns as a protection, regular citizens can protect themselves from potential danger.Gun ViolenceGun Violence Gun violence, in the United States especially, is a growing concern and highly debated topic when the discussion of gun control is brought up. Here are several facts that I found to be troubling, and even disturbing. * The average of gun s deaths in the annual is less than 50 in Japan compared to more than 10,000 in the United States. (http//www. heedinggodscall. org/content/pfctoolkit-10) The number of gun related deaths in the United States dwarfs that of Japan annually, perhaps a sign of the overwhelming amount of gang violence in the U.S. * The per capita gun death rate in Louisiana is the highest annually in the United States at 19. 04%. The lowest per capita death rate is help in Rhode Island, Massachusetts and Hawaii at a mere 2. 02%. (http//www. heedinggodscall. org/content/pfctoolkit-10) Per 100,000 people, almost twenty percent of the population would die in a gun related homicide. That number seems incredibly high. * Lifetime U. S. edical costs for gunshot injuries are an estimated $2. 3 billion, with U. S. taxpayers paying $1. 1 billion, almost half of the total. (http//www. heedinggodscall. org/content/pfctoolkit-10) In an effort to keep that number down, it might be smart to put a little more funding i nto law enforcement to keep guns out of criminals hands in the first place. * Guns in a household triple the risk of a family member being killed by a gun. (http//www. ncbi. nlm. nih. ov/pubmed/8371731) I dont know how I feel about this statistic as the use of a firearm for protection can save a life even though this stat says that the gun in the household makes it immediately more dangerous. * A 1993 study gathered that 2. 45 million crimes are thwarted by guns in the United States every year. (LaPierre, Wayne (1994). Guns, Crime, and Freedom. Regnery Publishing. p. 23. ISBN 0-89526-477-3. ) This is the other side of gun possession seen as a positive. With guns as a protection, regular citizens can protect themselves from potential danger.

Hawk Roosting Critical Essay

Hawk Roosting Critical Essay Kieran Mooney Task Choose a poem which is a specific poetic form. Show how the particular form helped your appreciation of the ideas and/or feelings which the poem explores. In your answer you must refer nigh to the text and at least two of form, theme, imagery, or any other appropriate features. Hawk Roosting is a poem by Ted Hughes. The poem helps the lecturer calculate the ideas and feelings which atomic number 18 explored throughout the poem.This is skilfully done through form, imagery and word choice over the course of the poem. The poem is about a shift resting higher(prenominal) up in a tree. Through a monologue, the poem reveals the incline to be a steady-minded, rational and believable character. In the first stanza, the poet begins to hint to the indorser what sort of personality the hawk has. He does this in the first store if the poem I sit in the top of the wood, my eyes closed This suggests to the reader that the hawk has no fear. T his is shown by the words eyes closed.The word top signifies that the hawk is the top in the forest and that he rules the forest, and that there is nonentity above, or more magnateful than him. The hawk is again referred to cosmos powerful in the line Between my hooked head and hooked feet In this line the alliteration of h together with the assonance in oo makes the reader drag out the word hooked, which emphasises the word and the hard harsh sound contained in it. This portrays a dangerous and rugged view of the hawk. Stanza two shows the reader that the hawk believes the elements that atomic number 18 there are of advantage to him The airs buoyance and the suns ray, Are of advantage to me This shows the hawk feels everything is there to assist him, and that he is the reason all the elements exist. The poet customs personification to describe the air and the sun, this tells the reader the hawk feels they are on his side and he rules them, like a general inspecting his troops. This idea is continued in stanza three with And the earths face upwards for my superintendence This again makes the reader aware of the hawks superiority and reminds them that the hawk is not going to give up his position without a fight.The hawk goes on to tell the reader It took the whole of Creation to produce my foot, my each feather. Now I hold creation in my foot This shows the hawk is a well-designed creature, and is short adapted for living in the woods. The quote also shows the hawk to be arrogant and obnoxious, as he feels he is better that his Creator, God, as having exceeded him. In Stanza quadruplet the idea of superiority is shown present once again I kill where I please because it is all mine This clearly states where the hawk believes he stands, and shows that he has no remorse for any of the other creatures.The idea that the hawk is a ruthless killer, and he kills his prey without a second thought, culpability or being beleaguered by his integrity. The hawk agai n shows his power There is no sophistry in my body. My manners are tearing off heads This show to the reader that the hawk to be lethal and vicious. It also shows that because he is on top, the hawk does not need to be polite, respectful or sophisticated, and that he feels no empathy for their pain or suffering, and has no regard to killing them.This further shows his merciless nature. The fifth stanza is the hawk describing his home as the allotment of death. This shows the reader the hawk has total power and control over everything and reinforces the fact that he feels he can kill what and where he likes without any consideration. It also tells us For the one path of m safety valve is direct, through the bones of the living This gives the reader an extremely gruesome and graphic image of the hawk killing its prey, and shows us the reality of his predator behaviour.It also links back to no sophistry and tearing off head to strengthen the fact that he is a powerful cold blooded ki ller. We are told No arguments assert my right This demonstrates that the hawk is indeed the top predator in the forest and that nobody dares to challenge him for his position. In the final stanza, stanza six, we are given a haughty, self-flattering closing statement from the hawk Nothing has changed since I began. My eye has permitted no change.I am going to keep thing like this This shows us the hawk is well aware of the effect he has on the environment and is instinctive in his actions. He is content with the representation things have turned out and are not going to let them change easily, especially as the odds are in his favour. he is going to try keep things running his way as changing things would upset the natural rhythm of life. In conclusion, Hawk Roosting is a poem which helps the reader appreciate the ideas and feelings which are explored throughout the poem, through the poets use of imagery and word choice throughout the poem. 900 words

A Paper on Domestic Violence

Domestic violence is phenomenal societal problems that ar plaguing human society at the present times which victims are mostly women and children. They are normally victims of physical or sexual assault.Because women are prone to be victims of national violence, womens liberationist expressed concern about the widespread problem plaguing the present generation and struggle towards getting protection for women from the court.Although, most of the offenses were hidden under family affairs, Carol Bolimer, Jennyfer Brandth, Denise Bronson, and Helen Hartnett, in their article, Domestic Violence Law Reforms response from the Trenches, say that, Feminists are gaining success in their efforts, as criminal justice personnel are now getting much objective investigative in handling domestic violence cases.But despite of this hundreds of thousands of American women and children suffer domestic violence each year, studies have shown that sixty percentage up to seventy-five percent of famil ies fall victims to domestic violence every year and this problem has already taken thousands of womens lives.What is domestic violence? How can one determine that he or she is standing on that very dangerous ground? And what are the solutions to the problem, are some of the contents that this paper attempts to present.Definitions of Domestic ViolenceDomestic violence is defined as a continuum of behavior ranging from verbal abuse, physical and sexual assault, to rape and even homicide. Most of the cases of domestic violence are perpetuated by men against women and their children In C.J. norths article, domestic violence an overview, he presented a United States Department of Justice report published in May 2000 through the National evil Victimization Survey and the FBI data, defining domestic violence as violent crimes by current or former spouses, boyfriend and girlfriend. In their definition of violent, it includes fatal (homicide) and non lethal which they enumerated as rape, sexual assault, robbery, aggravated assault, and simple assault. The report mentions more than one million crimes committed against persons by the current or former spouses.Deborah Lockton, LLB, MPhil and prof Richard Ward LLB, identified domestic violence as an act of physical and mental cruelty progressing from a slap or shore, to punch or kick, and to the more extreme manifestation of violence, in suffocation, strangulation, attempted murder and murder.Causes of Domestic ViolenceDifferent group of people explained the causes of domestic violence, however, as one analyze the causes of the problem, they are similar in terms of gender roles which is fact has something to do with the cultural and historical origin of family. It is also noted that, changes in terms of roles contributed a lot in the initiation of this particular problem.According to feminism, one of the causes of domestic violence is the legal system which in their view is patriarchal on several levels. They argue th at the law is sexist in that it generally treats men better than women. They emphasized that the criminal justice personnel prior to their effort to gain equal rights with men, treats domestic violence as a family matter and out of the reach of the legal system.They also reveal that police would simply take perpetrator for a walk to discuss keeping the diminished woman in line and then return her home without further action. Kristin L. Anderson says Feminist emphasized that domestic violence is rooted in gender and antecedent and represents mens active attempts to maintain dominance and control (Anderson, 1997). Feminist sociologist maintains that the main cause of domestic violence is the issue of gender and power.Anderson pointed out that Feminist contend that this is a system of which men maintain societal dominance over women. Lockton and Ward say, domestic violence continues for years, before the victims take action which sometimes results to the death of either the victim or the perpetrator.But sociologist finds other causes of domestic violence. They suggested that cohabiting status, unemployment and socio-economic status rank as one of the causes of domestic violence (UNICEF).They agreed that main causes of domestic violence pertain to unequal power relations. Family institution, where traditional control lies with husband as the head of the family, is seen as breeding ground for domestic violence too. Beliefs in male traditional superiority and other sanctions that do not recognize womens and childrens legal rights in the society are also seen as causes of domestic violence plaguing human society worldwide.Nowadays, domestic violence includes physical aggression in which the perpetrator controls the victim by using fear and force. It occurs usually in traditional marriages or same-sex relationship especially when relationship is in the verge of collapse.

Dealing with Fraud

Dealing with Fraud Health C ar Policy, Law, and Ethics HSA 515 March 09, 2013 Dealing with Fraud Obstetric wellness dole out centers are a major source for providing compassionate to millions of women around the country and a branch of medicine that involves pregnancy and childbirth. Studies of pathologic and physiologic functions of the female re productive area are overly a part of obstetric care. Physicians in this field commonly referred to as OB/GYNs and care for the mother and fetus during pregnancy. As Chief care for policeman of iodin of the states largest Obstetric Health Facilities countless women are treated at this center.The supply is fully aware of the mission, vision, policies, and procedures that make a colossal impact in the community. Women rely on the care and attention received from the exceptional doctors on staff. Unfortunately, the type of care delivered and the service the hospital is responsible for providing, member of shammerulent demeanors ha ve been reported and mustiness be addressed. As United States health care cost continues to rise, people depend upon privately funded health plans and millions are still uninsured due to backup by state and federal government.The major government sponsored health care plans are Medicare and Medicaid classs. Both computer programs make up a large portion of government spending. One key reason for rising costs has been the enormous degree of fraud committed against government health care programs. Although billions have been exposed due to informants of qui tam, additional monies remain undetected. Ultimately, health care fraud single-valued functiond as a deceptive means to derive from health care agreements through the federal government and the reason the United States Government Accounting Office has categorized Medicare and Medicaid as high-risk programs. Various sources measure out the effect of qui tam in health care organizations and refer to the 1986 faux Claim Ac t the effectiveness. The term whistleblowing recognized by nourishment in the False Claims Act and authorizes cases be brought to the government on behalf of the United States to share in the recovery efforts. The Informers Act or better known as The Qui Tam Statue is from the Latin phrase qui tam pro domino rege quam pro seipse, meaning he who as much for the king as for himself, established during the genteel war and focused on ending dishonest suppliers to the union military.Therefore, fraud investigation, and legal action became easier for the government. The history behind qui tam statue and todays use provides an clearing to the term whistleblower and for an individual with past or present knowledge of fraud on the federal government to recover damages and land penalties, (Cruise, n. d. ). Fraudulent behavior or health care fraud affects health care organizations. Several ways businesses and individuals have defrauded, and continue to defraud, federal, and state government health care programs.Examples of deceitful behavior include No Services Non-submission of claims for diagnostic tests, treatments, devices, or pharmaceuticals services that were never rendered. Non Existence Involves submitting a claim for the services previously mentioned and provided to patients that do not exist or never received service. Also an item billed for in the claim. Anti-Kickback Statute bans any offer, payment, solicitation or receipt of money, property or remuneration to persuade or reward patient referrals or health care services funded by a government health care program, including Medicare or Medicaid.These are improper payments and come in several different forms, includes but not limited to referral fees, finders fees, productivity bonuses, enquiry grants, excessive compensation, and free or discounted travel or entertainment. The offer, payment, solicitation or receipt of any such monies or remuneration can be a violation of the Federal Anti-Kickback sta tute, 42 USC 1328-7b(b), the Federal False Claims Act, various other federal, state laws, and regulations, (Pietrag botho, Gordon, Alfano, Bosick, and Raspanti, LLC, 2013).These are just a small number of fraudulent activities before long affecting health care organizations. Qui tam has been an effective force in combating fraud. The Justice Department continues to recover record descend of judgments and settlements, however, qui tam cases exist in a variety of health care organizations. Processing and payment errors of Medicaid and Medicare patients may appear to be simple mis effects and not by medical professionals attempting to take reinforcement of the system, but individuals intent on abusing the system particularly, with working nowledge of how and when the government pays Medicare and Medicaid claims. Also in some cases fraud affects the people with these programs and liability occurs for co-payments and contributes to excessive government spending. some other examples o f qui tam cases include Defective pricing/false negotiation reflects price adjustments by submitting false data and pricing to the government to receive an inflated amount concord to the contract price. Mischarging one of the more widespread frauds used to submit claims for products or services never provided or rendered.Product/service substitution A product is certified that does not meet specifications or submitting a product for government approval then substituting the merchandise with another of poorer quality. False certification pull in entitlement documents are falsely certified. Information submitted to the government has been adjusted for price supports or mortgage guarantees, according to the source more than half of qui tam recoveries have abstruse health care fraud, qui tam lawsuits filed have been successful against defense contractors and other companies, (Einstein Law, 2008).Various federal and state requirements must be satisfied by the health facility prior to admission. For example, pre-admission evaluations for Medicaid patients require prior determination for eligibility. A full patient assessment will work a plan of care. The prescribed care plan is prepared by the attending physician and registered nurse. Other hospital staff will get involved with the patients care if necessary. The care plan is updated on a quarterly basis, or more frequently if the patients condition changes.Other requirements for Medicare and Medicaid patients must be met before admission to determine suitable environment and to respect patients rights after admission while receiving medical care. Procedures for admission into a health facility for Medicare and Medicaid referrals must understand and comply with the laws that govern these procedures. The Anti-Kickback Statute (AKS) enacted by Congress delivers criminal penalties for the payment of fees designed to persuade or reward medical referrals for treatment covered by Medicare and Medicaid.The AKS is vast and includes discounts for physician referrals. Liability is a major concern under the Anti-Kickback Statue unless procedures fall within the law. Another regulation that limits physician self-referrals for Medicare and Medicaid patients is The Stark Law. Hospitals or health care providers are prohibited from receiving payments or kickbacks after improper account Medicare for selected equipment or services. Ultimately, claims cannot be submitted by physicians for items or services because of their financial relationship with the health care providers.The Stark Law passed because of inappropriate financial relationships between doctors and health care providers and the professional judgment of doctors with regard to whether items or services are medically necessary, safe, or effective also reduce probable overpayments by Medicare for uncertain services, (The Qui Tam Team, 2012). The next stage is for physicians and nurses review the following conditions for patient referrals. 1 ) Services must be personally referred by the attending physician. 2) Referrals are to a physician of the same group or practice. ) Any individual supervised by the referring physician in the hospital or physician that works part-time in the facility and is part of a group practice must comply with all coverage and payment rules regarding Medicare and Medicaid patients. 4) Patient billing is by the physician performing or supervising the care and treatment of the patient. 5) Regarding a group practice, attending physician under the group must be a member with an assigned billing number different from physicians employed with the health facility. ) Third party billing companies representing the physician(s) will also be assigned a billing number. These companies have to comply with Medicare requirements. The task of evaluating referral arrangements by physicians will be gainsay, however financial provisions involving physicians can be analyzed using the conditions outlined. The Chie f Nursing Officer will receive a monthly report of Medicare and Medicaid referrals. Non-compliance will result in immediate termination from the health facility. Discussing fraud and abuse the health industry continues to lose billions.Fraud can range from performing unnecessary medical procedures for insurance gains, to alter patient information and illegally billing for services not rendered. Also accepting kickbacks for patient referrals, and promoting drugs without authorization. These incidents affect the economy and are potential hazards to the health and guard of patients. An example is medical information illegally altered may receive incorrect treatment or realize existing health benefits are exhausted. every way another alternative for compliance can address these issues.A method of enforcement created by the office of the Inspector General (OIG) identified as a embodied Integrity Agreement to improve health care quality and promote compliance to health care guidelines. The term Integrity Agreement focuses on physicians according to one source. Establishing OIG 1976 to imposed action against widespread fraud and abuse in Federal health care programs. These efforts developed a collaborative use of enforcement tools as monetary penalties and exclusions. Corporate Integrity Agreements implemented by the OIG to redeem health care providers under the program to avoid exclusions.Implementing a CIA will be challenging and somewhat complex, especially for birth and reproduction. The sterilization process, wrongful birth, and wrongful life are areas of interest, and the CIA will have major impact. Physicians play a major subroutine due to misconception by prenatal testing, genetic testing, and laboratories that failed to provide these services. Sterilization falls under reproduction and birth is another area likely for fraudulent behavior from the side effects patients go through and were not informed by the attending physician.Nevertheless, to address cur rent fraud behaviors and prevent future incidents among physicians, nurses, and medical staff it is necessary to develop strategies to ensure ethical and incorrupt business practices through compliance of various laws that will reduce any risk of legal liability. Although the CIA program contains various features, after careful review and collaboration among executive staff the following requirements will accommodate the needs and requirements that will mitigate incidents of fraud by Developing written policies and standardsInstituting a confidential disclosure program Employing a compliance officer or a compliance committee Implementing an employee training program Restricting employment of ineligible persons Report overpayments, fraudulent behaviors, and ongoing investigations/legal proceedings Implementation reports are provided annually to the regulatory agency, (Sable, 2013). These requirements should prevent future fraud misconduct by ensuring internal actions and mitigating methods are in place. In conjunction with fraud and abuse is protecting patient information and omplying by all applicable laws. Accessing patient information considered a major subject for health organizations to comply with the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPPA) laws. Patient medical records are bouncy for treatment and must remain confidential within the federal and state laws. Without authorization the patient Privacy Rules are in violation. The responsibility of Chief Nursing Officer ensures the medical staff training and knowledgeable of health centers policies and procedures to remain in compliance with HIPPA.Often areas overlooked whether accidental or knowing and certain information is discussed or discarded documents. Routine conversation among staff would be limited to specific areas where patient information cannot be disclosed. Public areas such as elevators, hallways, or waiting areas are strictly off limits. Many times patients are in surger y or receiving treatment for an illness, family members are waiting for results and often physicians will meet with them in public areas to discuss sensitive information not realizing the conversation can be overheard by others. This is just one example of a disclosure violation.Also what may sound insignificant represents another action that can lead to breach of information by patient documents thrown and twisted in a trash can that must be shredded to avoid public view. The plan is simple to comply with all necessary laws extensive training provided to the entire staff is the beginning. One-on-one and group meetings held on a quarterly basis as a tool to prevent abuse and fraudulent behavior. Patient sensitivity is essential in meeting the goals of health center. Laws provide direction for dealing with fraud cases or any unethical or honourable decisions made.To eliminate fraud and abuse continued pressure on the government to establish tougher policies in the delivery of medica l and health care services. Additional funding for government enforcement agencies will put more pressure on physicians to act responsibly. As physicians become more aware of this fact, he or she should continue to take steps, such as implementing a compliance plan, to ensure the services provided reflect effective documentation for claims of payment. Until doctors, nurses, and other medical staff demonstrate ethical and moral standards, fraud, and abuse will continue to a problem for health organizations. ReferencesFraud and Qui Tam Cases. (2008). Retrieved from http//www. lawyershop. com Healthcare Fraud and Qui Tam Suits. (2008). Retrieved from http//www. lawyershop. com Pietragallo, Gordon, Alfano, Bosick, and Raspanti, LLC. (2013). Health Care Fraud and False Claims. Retrieved from http//www. falseclaimsact. com Cruise, P. L. (n. d. ). deregulation Health Care Ethics Education. Retrieved from http//www. spaef. com/article Sable, L. (2013). Negotiating Corporate Integrity Agreem ents. Retrieved from http//www. franchiselawsolutions. com The Qui Tam Team. (2012). Types of Qui Tam Cases. Retrieved from http//www. quitamteam. com

Effect of Colonialism on Gender Equality Relating to the Brief Wondrous Life of Oscar Wao

When it comes to delegating responsibility, allocating power, and demanding equality, there al federal agencys seems to be an underlying bias towards the masculine sector of society, which allows an dissymmetry regarding gender equality. Understanding where this steering of thinking comes from is an essential part of trying to shift and completely erase the bias. Throughout history, a patriarchal pattern and way of thinking has been passed down from generation to generation what we fail to see is the reason for this pattern and the ways in which we can remedy the situation.A great example of this outlet is displayed in the novel, The Brief Wondrous Life of Oscar Wao, by Junot Diaz. The womanish characters of Junot Diazs novel The Brief Wondrous Life of Oscar Wao, La Inca, Beli, and Lola, demonstrate the ways in which colonialism led to the dehumanization of citizens, especially wo men, and how these power kinetics carry over into red-brick society in relationships between the m ajority and minority, both in impairment of race and gender in their oppression and the stigma that is attached to existence a Dominican immigrant women in America. There are three important women in the novel La Inca, Beli, and Lola.Each are strong women who battle each other, men, the fuku, their past, their color, andmost important the fact that they are women. One can argue that this habit of undermining the fe young-begetting(prenominal) commonwealth comes all the way from when colonialism began to take place. Not and did this Western idea of colonizing mean degrading those that were to a greater extent, barbaric and unfortunate. .. we must study how colonization whole shebang to decivilize the colonizer,to brutalize him in the true sense of the word, to degrade him, to awaken him to buried instincts, to covetousness, violence, race hatred, and moral relativism. (Cesaire 35) But it was from this that the idea of judging humans by their manner came round and began to exis t. Prior to this the idea of looking and judging by color, gender and physical appearance was non-existent. What we fail to see as a society is the pragmatism of this matter, the fact that still in the 21st century this idea of inequality hits almost every single female in one way or another, affecting even the capability to sustain themselves economically because of the still present gender gap in salary wages. This struggle is specifically seen in contradictory females residing in America.Junot Diaz in his novel very craftily, with much use of heteroglossia- the presence of two or more voices, discourses, or expressed viewpoints in a text edition or other artistic work and uncensored truth displays this with his female characters. Lola, represents the first generation American Hispanic female who struggles with finding a repose of her spanish culture and the urge of freeing herself from the stereotype she is expected to uphold. In her journey to oppose much(prenominal) charac terization, and as a modern Dominican young woman she could still push and dream on. with promises that once I reached college I would be able to do whatever I pleased, burst out.I couldnt help it It was a message more than a feeling, a message that tolled like a bell change, change, change. (Diaz 58) This feeling of hope is what drives and hold ons many women working hard and pushing for affirmative changes still to this day. But the constant tag of war with essentialism- belief that a group of pe2ople exhibit traits, characteristics, or behaviors that are essential to their nature and membership to that group, is what bevy Lola to the verge of insanity. What its like to be the perfect Dominican daughter, which is just a nice way of saying Dominican slave. (Diaz 56) She fought like a activated cat for justice, freedom and opportunities. Basic human rights, but not for the average foreign female in the U. S. Her battle was seen as her crazy years.. what Dominican missy doesn t have those? (Diaz 24) Her sense of independence and bravery is taken and classified just merely because she is an ethnic female. Shed turned into one of those Jersey dominicanas, a long distance runner who drover her own car, had her own checkbook, called men bitches, and would eat a fat cat in front of you without a lead of verguenza. (Diaz 25) To call such attitude honorable would be out of the question because to society she is stepping out of what her stereotype is suppose to be.On the other hand, feminism to traditional La Inca was never even a thought. La Inca is part of the female group that accepts the oppression and her given expected role in society. Instead of fighting against it she lives her complete life trying to maintain and protect her assigned role La Inca, you see, was a serious woman, an upstanding woman, one of the best in her class. (Diaz 102) She fought hard to keep the status of her family up high, she is the result of a woman from a colonized country. S he knows nothing more than what she is given and refuses and is scared to venture. La Inca is the traditional dominican mom, her only wish was for her daughter, Beli to succeed and achieve what she could not. But like many traditional mothers she wanted her daughter to stay rooted in her culture, just the mere thoughts of Beli exit to the extranjero brought her anger The U. S. was nothing more and nothing less than a pais overrun by gangsters, putas, and no-accounts. (Diaz 158) La Inca lives by what society has taught her to be, to do things for the well being of the men in society, to take care of the home but more importantly to stay at the bottom of the chain and not even think about fighting it. The fight against what colonialism has built the female population to be was started thanks to women like Beli. She represent the females who were tired of living the role they were given.Beli could no longer domiciliate working at the bakery or being the daughter of one of the most u pstanding women in Bani. She could not abide, period hat she wanted, more than anything, was what shed always wanted throughout her Lost Childhood to escape. (Diaz 80) She was able to detach herself and learn that there is more to life than what she was told. It is thanks to females like her that we are becoming aware of how far down colonialism has push females. That the worship of women as objects of chivalric adoration (Kaplan 107) should not be, society makes females feel invited to imagine themselves participating in the adventures of imperium as a means of rejoicing traditional roles. (Kaplan 110) This is what the support of imperial conquest has created. Hypatia Belicia Cabral, a lost dominican single mother in the U. S trying to escape from the culture that expects her to fulfill a given role. Colonialism allowed the lessening of a person just because of an aspect of their look or status.Just as Aime Cesaire states, .. part colonialism in its formal sense might have bee n dismantled, the colonial state has not. Many of the problems of democracy are products of the old colonial state whose primary departure is the presence of black faces. (Cesaire 27) This being a clear example of Oscar, who even in a new country with endless possibilities to succeed still drags on with him that curse of fuku and the result of colonialism as his cross which leads him to find a way to not succeed. Judged by his skin color and his constant battle of achieving the mastering of this male chauvinism, that also came as a result of colonialism and its oppression of woman. The reality is that colonization taught human beings to dehumanizes even the most civilized man. (Cesaire 41) It allowed this concept of ownership and superiority of a race against another- creating an evil chain.Wealthy men were the owners of less fortunate men, and as a result of chauvinism, men were the owners of women. Colonial activity, colonial enterprise, colonial conquest, which is based on dis courtesy for the native and justified by that contempt, inevitably tends to change him who undertakes it that the colonizer, who in order to ease his conscience gets into the habit of seeing the other man as an puppet accustoms himself to treating him like an animal, and tends objectively to transform himself into an animal. (Cesaire 27) Colonialism began to build a pyramid of levels of importance in society, placing wealthy men at the top following by the sculptural relief of the men population and lastly are those wealthy and educated woman that regardless how hard they try could never climb up the set fond cast as we see in the battle of Lola against this very restricted stereotype she gets casted into. Although many of these casted minorities move to the United States in search of freedom and equality, as Beli did in order to escape, many of them instead find a world heavenly still condensed in the social dynamics carried over from colonialism.American domination the only do mination from which one never recovers. I mean from which one never recovers unscarred. (Cesaire 77) As the ethnocentric country that we are, we like to criticize other nations in the way they handle their national issues but this is merely part of colonization, a skill that the United States as a whole has down to the most specific detail. By doing so the nation as a whole makes it that much easier for members of such colonized countries to undergo the process of which colonization becomes epidermalization- The interiorisation of an inferiority complex based on socioeconomic inequalities. Such experience that all the characters in The Brief Wondrous Life of Oscar Wao undergo and are in constant conflict with. As a nation of great power we possess many great attributes but lack immensely in the topic of equality of genders. Judging rulers of other countries such as Chavez, Castro and Hitler, when these rulers had so much more to offer their woman in comparison to the United States. Although they committed crimes of which none are applaud for, what we dont like to state and teach is that in spite of all this wrong, women in these particular countries received the support and were asked to better themselves and contribute to the economical training of their own nation. By any standards, the position of women in Cuba ranks among the highest indices of equality of treatment and opportunities. (Women In Cuba) In Venezuela Chavez receives the support of thousands of women, both in government and outside. Tania Diaz, governing fellowship candidate for the capital district and previously minister of communications, said the aim of the activity was to support the president. Since the government came to power womens opportunities for development and for lodge in Venezuelan society had multiplied. (Pearson) While in Hitlers world, women were encouraged to train and become strong in order to become competitive with the male population and thus take part in the advanc ement of the Nazi nation. Hitler provided places for the female callowness to learn and support each other in such advancements.These youth group was called the League of German Girls, founded in 1930. An important part of life in the League of German Girls was to help the girls build character, and to prepare them for what were supposed to be their future tasks within the Nazi Volksgemeinschaft, or peoples community, by getting them involved in programs that were for the good of the people (Chris Crawford and Stephan Hansen) Empowering woman was something that was done in these nation, had These nations although accused of being some of the most dehumanizing, underdeveloped societies, have more opportunity and support for all of their women citizens.Allowing them to become just as competitive in the work draw off and every other aspect of society. While in America the gap between male and female equality is still so spread, and even more so the gap between male and an ethnic fema le. The power of oppression towards women as a result of colonialism and how these power dynamics carry over into our modern society is something that we must begin to shift. That although America tries to escape from being called a colonizer, we have become victims of our own poison. Domestic and foreign spaces are closer than we think, and that the dynamics of imperil expansion cast them into jarring proximity. (Kaplan 1)Cesaire, Aime Discourse on Colonialism, 1955 Edition Presence Africaine Chris Crawford and Stephan Hansen, http//bdmhistory. com/research/main. htmltwo, copyright 2003-2008. Diaz, Junot The Brief Wondrous Life of Oscar Wao, 2007 Penguin throng (USA) Inc. Kaplan, Amy The Anarchy of Empire In the Making of U. S Culture, 2002 President and Fellows of Harvard College ?Pearson, Tamara, Venezuelan Women Swear to be Guardians of Chavez in?Response to CNN, VENEZUELANALYSIS. COM, http//venezuelanalysis. com/news/5644 Women in cuba- http//www. cuba-solidarity. org. uk/

Biggest Problem Facing Our Generation

The biggest problem facing our multiplication is fixing the mistakes that our fearless leaders have made. George W. Bush had made many mistakes while in sh atomic number 18 from 2001 to 2009. One of the most controversial issues that he had completed related to the signing of a report endorsing outsourcing with thousands of American workers having their jobs shipped overseas. He may have had good intentions, but all that was lost after the signing of this carte du jour that took 2. 6 million jobs away from the people of the United States.Due to this decision, numerous companies were shipped overseas since the labor costs are lower and emission standards dont exist. Another notorious decision relates to the invasion of Iraq. After family 11, 2001, Bush became convinced that Saddam Hussein was seeking nuclear weapons and represented a mortal bane to the west. However, he chose to ignore conflicting evidence and undermined not only his presidency, but the reputation of US news agenc ies and his country.Another mistake that occurred just weeks prior to the 9/11 attacks notified the people of his loss of dedication to the country. Bush accredited a memorandum, called the pre-9/11 memo, from the CIA entitled,Bin Laden Determined to Strike in US. Although, he did not answer to the threat since he was on a family vacation, which will forever blight his legacy. The results of these mistakes are still home plate over the United States. Yet, our generation is only able to learn from the mistakes and ensure that they are not repeated.

Trash Or Treasure

Youve got fix and you know it, dozens and piles of unused items. Full of junk in attics and closets, overflowing of papers everywhere, unused items, clothes that atomic number 18 never worn, useless gifts thats just collecting dust. however the question is why do we keep wholly of these things? Do they hold a special meaning to us? Do they bring back a lot of memories? What is treasure and what is trash?Trash or clutters argon unused things that are piling up and just taking up space. Maybe there are things that we bought and cant stand the idea of wasting it. But think about it if youre not using it, its a rater waste to keep it when someone else could use it. donate it or give it away its going to take up space anyway. Another example of clutter that can be challenging to some is unwanted gifts.Remember you can still appreciate the thought and front and value the person regardless if you decided to keep the item or throw it away. Its best to forefend this type of clutter in the future by thoughtfully and politely letting friends and family know that you are doing your best to cut back on the clutter. There are things that are worth keeping alike(p) an item that has a sentimental meaning behind it.

Macroeconomics Unit 8 Assignment Essay

Question1. Using mass demand, short-run amount supply, and extensive-run aggregate supply twists, explain the process and causes by which all(prenominal) of the following(a) economic events will do the economy from one long-run macroeconomic equilibrium to another. In each case, explain the short-run and long-run effects on the aggregate price level and aggregate output. a. in that location is a decrease in households wealth due to a decline in the stock market.A decrease in household wealth means lower purchasing power. The consumer cringes their consumption leading to a decline in the demand which shifts to the left from D1 to D2. As a result, in the short run both(prenominal) the output and aggregate price level fall as depicted by S1. A continue shift in the demand geld to the left, from D1 to D2, leads to reducing price and increasing supply which causes the supply curve to shift from S1 to S2. The long run equilibrium aggregate output and prices will remain constant. In the long run aggregate supply curve shifts to the decent from S1 to S2 and the aggregate demand curve also shifts to the right from D1 to D2. The equilibrium aggregate output remains constant epoch the aggregate prices fall. The long equilibrium aggregate remains constant.b. The giving medication lowers taxes, leaving households with more disposable income, with no corresponding reduction in government purchases.With the taxes lowered and the income still maintained, the consumers have more purchasing power. The demand for goods and services will therefore amplify and shift from D1 to D2 resulting in an improver in aggregate prices and hearty GDP. In the long run real GDP is constant. In the short run the aggregate supply will shift to the left as aggregate demand sum ups and shifts to the right. In the long run aggregate prices will shift upwards while real GDP remains constant. In the long run both the demand and supply curves work over new slopes. The aggregate demand curve shifts to the right while the supply curve shift to the left. inwardness prices rise and real GDP remains constant.2. An economy in a hypothetical country is in long-run macroeconomic equilibrium when each of the following aggregate demand shocks occurs. What kind of gap inflationary or recessionarywill the economy plaque after the shock, and what type of fiscal policies, giving precise examples, would help move the economy back to potential output? a. A stock market boom out increases the value of stocks held by households.The short run aggregate supply curve shifts to the right from SRAD1 to SRAD2. Aggregate prices and real GDP increases and equilibrium shifts from E1 to E2. This will lead to inflationary gap. In the long run supply is placed which leads to an increase in aggregate prices causing the inflationary gap. The government cannister find this by contractionary policies such as borrowing from the public. This inflationary gap can be solved by inflationary c ontrol such as discretionary or countercyclical fiscal policy which changes the federal government spending or taxes. b. Anticipating the possibility of war, the government increases its purchases of military equipment.The increase in purchases of the military equipment means an increase in demand. With the increase in demand in the short run, the demand curve will shift from SRAD1 to SRAD2 with an alternative increase in price. The price level increase leads to the demand reducing in the long run from SRAD2 to SRAD3. This causes cost-pull inflation whose remedy is inflationary policies. The economy will face an inflationary gap. Policy makers could use contractionary fiscal policies to move the economy back to potential output. The government would need to reduce its purchases of nondefense good and services, increase taxes or reduce transfers. c. The quantity of money in the economy declines and interest rates increase.As quantity of money rises in the economy and interest rates i ncrease, the demand for goods and services declines as shown by the shift from SRAD1 to SRAD2. This happens as consumers can afford to buy more expensive items. The priority changes as customers try to save more money. In the long run, everyone has more money and demand rises again as shown by the shift in the curve from SRAD2 to SRAD3. This leads to a demand-pull inflation which can be solved by inflationary policies. The economy will face a recessionary gap. Policy makers could use expansionary fiscal policies to move the economy back to potential output.

Human life development Essay

IntroductionGrowth refers to an increase in size, much(prenominal)(prenominal) as changes in an separates eubstance for example size, incubus, height and shape. Development usu ein truthy loves in symbolises, as in the changes in the complexity of an individual and a rise in skills or kat onceledge, such as information how to walk.Conception to birth (0-9 months)P1) The internal training is the cultivation of the embryo in the fall out outs body which is needed to lodge in oxygen and food from the blood for the sis. At this st washy along whole of the ramp upments argon physical changes.M1) somaticly virtually two weeks after a womans menstrual period the o diverge releases an egg, which thence travels d k right offledge the fallopian tube. spermatozoon travels by dint of the cervix and swims into the fallopian tube one single egg penetrates the egg cell and the resulting cell is called a zygote, then the fertilised egg travels down the fallopian tube. While doing this the fertilized egg divides once it has travelled through the fallopian tube, the embryo implants into the womb lining. From four weeks the embryo now relaxes in the womb lining, the outer cell reach out standardized roots to come together to the mothers blood supply. The inner layer of cells form into two then ulterior on shape into three, each one of these layers impart grow to be contrastive parts of the despoils body. angiotensin converting enzyme of the layers becomes the brain and nervous arrangement, the eyes, skin and auricula atriis.Another layer leave alone form into the lungs, catgut and stomach last the third layer volition grow into the blood, muscles, mess progress and grind away. The fifth week is the prison term of the first missed period when many another(prenominal) women ar tho righteous incurning to think they whitethorn be pregnant. Nevertheless al conveyy the pampers nervous system is sop uping to condition. A television chann el forms into the top layer of cells. The cells f grey up around to settle a hollow tube called the nervous tube. This go out form into the deflowers brain and spinal cord. At the same season the indulges heart is coming together and already has nearly of its own blood vessels. A mountain range of these allow for link baby and mother and will become the umbilical cord. From week six to 7 there is now an outsized bulge where the heart is and a bump for the train because the brain is exploitation. The heart go or sos to beat and roll in the hay be seen beating on an echography s faeces. Dimples will appear on the status of the promontory whichwill become the ears and there ar thickenings where the eyes will form. On the babys body there will become bumps where the muscles and bones will be forming. At s scour weeks the embryo has grown to 10mm long from head to bottom, this measurement is called crown- rump length. By week eight a brass section is gradually forming, the eyes argon more than(prenominal)(prenominal) recogniz adequate and imbibe some colour in them.Also there is a mouth in which the tongue has formed. There are now the first-class honours degrees of transfer and feet, with ridges where the fingers and toes will be. The major internal organs are all developing which are the, brain, heart, kidneys, lungs, gut and the liver. On week nine the baby has grown to about 22mm long from head to bottom. Week ten to fourteen, dear 12 weeks after conception the fetus is fully formed. Its maturation all their organs, muscles, bones, limbs, and its sex organs, from now on it has grown and matured. The baby is now competent to motion about however, the movements faecesnot yet be felt. By fourteen weeks the heart beat is well-built and can be heard through using an ultrasound detector. The babys heart beat is extremely fast, about twice as fast as a normal adults heartbeat. At fourteen weeks the baby is about 85mm long from head to bot tom. From week fifteen the baby has now ingathering swiftly, the body grows bigger so that the head and body are more in proportion and the baby doesnt tactile sensation so top heavy.The face looks frequently more human and the hair is beginning to grow as well as eyebrows and eyelashes. nonetheless the eye lids stay fastd over the eyes. The lids of the skin of the fingers are now made, so now the baby has its own individual fingerprint. Toenails and fingers are growing and the baby has a firm hand grip. At cardinal weeks the baby is covered in a truly fine, soft hair called lanugo. At about xvi to twenty-two weeks you will be adequate to(p) to find the mothers baby move for the first clipping. The baby is now moving about vigorously and responds to touch and to sound. You whitethorn be able to happen the baby suspire which will make the baby jerk. The baby whitethorn withal begin to follow a pose for waking and sleeping. From this show you are now capable of hearing the heart beat through a stethoscope, alike your partner may even be able to hear it by putting an ear to your abdomen, but it may be difficult to bewilder. The baby is now en virtuallyd in a white, buttery substance called vernix.It is thought that it is maybe to protect the babys skin as it floats in the amniotic fluid. The vernix aroundly goes before birth. By twenty-four weeks the baby is called viable this marrow that the baby isnow thought to turn over a chance of survival if natural. Around about twenty-six weeks the babys eye lids are exposed for the first time. The eyes are al or so always begrimed or dark blue. It is not until some weeks after birth that the eyes become the colour they will stay, although some babies do have brown eyes at birth. The head to bottom length at thirty weeks is about 33cm. By the time the baby is thirty-one to forty- weeks is it growing chubbier, so the skin which was rather wrinkled before, is now smoother. Both the vernix and the la nugo begin to disappear. By about thirty-two weeks the baby is typically lying downwards braising for birth. Sometime beforehand the babys head may move down into the pelvis and is verbalize to be eng olden but sometimes the babys head does not engage until labour has begun.Birth to infancy (0-3 years)Physical studyP1) When a nestling is saucy born they are powerless this means that it is a parent or tutorshipgivers responsibility to ensure it survives however, all children are born with natural physical evolutions, such as rooting, sucking, swallowing, grasping, stepping and startle reflexes although brand-new born babies have precise low muscular co-ordination they are able to focus their eyes and follow sounds from side to side. They are also able to cry and make gurgling sounds which financial aids indicate the childs needs.(M1) Humans are clean divine serviceless and dependent then they are born. To ensure the new-borns survival they need to be looked after. Babies are born with several reflexes which are sucking, rooting, grasping, swallowing, stepping and the startle reflex. New-borns are well-nighly immobile when they are born and have very little muscular co-coordination. Soon the muscles start to strengthen and babies get going, their movements allow them to begin to explore their milieu and select how their world operates. Physical control progresses downwards, beginning with the head and moving through the arms, neck, trunk and finally their legs.From two months the baby is able to raise its head when lying on its stomach, at four months they can grasp objects using their whole hand, at six months they will be able to sit up without support, at eight months they can start to crawl, at twelve monthsthey can walk without help, at 18 months they can climb stairs and run but very much fall, at two years they can control muscles which allow for toilet training and they can climb on furniture and kick a ball but not yet catch one, and b y three years they will be able to jump and ride a tricycle. unrestrained developmentP1) Our worked up development starts from a very young age that way a child and their principal(prenominal) caregiver bond together this will result in the attachment they fetch towards one another the emotional development of infancy is all about the intellect of having security around you and the development of trust and self-worth for yourself and others.M1)Emotional development is the way we are able to form effective relationships. Young babies cry if they are parted from their carer for a long time. One-year old babies are about to learn about the effects their behaviour has on their caregiver and they can get emotions through laughter, tears and facial expressions. Two-year old children are known for their temper tantrums as they find it hard to express their emotions. They are able to show a certain degree of empathy, which is often declared through play such as punishing or praising a do ll. By the time they get to three, children are c recur to sensitive to other individuals feelings and are eager to region toys and take turns when playing. They are interested in having friends and this is often when children start nursery or playgroup.Intellectual developmentP1) At this item children begin to develop the psyche, which allows them to recognise, remember, reason, know and hear things that are around us. This all helps towards developing communication skills which help us to be understood and the start of developing relationships when children start to interact with the milieu they develop their own thoughts and responses to the world. Language is also part of intellectual development.M1) intellectual development refers to the development of the encephalon and letsus recognise reason, remember, know and run into things around us. As a child co-operates with the environment, they progressively tog out their thoughts and develop an appropriate set of responses for dealing with the world. Children should know at least six talking to by the time the child is eighteen months. Most one-year olds should be able to name straightforward objects and by the age of two most are able to put two or three words together into a trouble-free sentence. By the age of three most speech should be comprehensible and children should be able to speak in complete sentences. Children at this age love to have stories read to them, often the same ones over and over again. kind developmentP1) affable development starts a a few(prenominal) eld after your child is born. New babies will respond to sounds of humans who are around them and will focus on the humans faces tender development is linked very closely with emotional development as the first social relationships that are built are with those who are the main care provider for the child.M1) Our need to be sociable seems to be something we are born with, yet babies of a few days old will react to the sound of human speech, touch and smell, however social development starts in the womb. The baby will be able to hear music, a care giver reading a story and how the mothers mood is. If you watch and listen you will observe that older babies and toddlers make social moves towards each other and are pleased to see each other. At first the most important relationship will be the babys caregiver and other family members, whereas relationships with peers become more important as children start to grow up. Young children form relationships and have a habit of wake preferences for particular throng. Language skills are vital in the developing of these relationships and, as children develop, they are more able to express their feelings verbally. Children benefit from slide bying time with younger and older individuals. One way in which children develop social relationships outside their families is through play.Childhood 3-11 years(M1) Childhood is such an exciting demo of development with p hysical skills forming as well as children learning about fellowship in which they live. Children become much more independent and in many cultures already start to take on many responsibilities.Physical Development(P1 When a child leads into their childhood stages they become more independent and take on their own responsibility and choices. The growth at this period is still very fast as they start to develop their body proportions during childhood. These stage children start to develop their growth motor skills which help to co-ordinate and muscle their tumid muscles, this helps with the skills for an example walk, run, sit and other physical activities. They also start to develop their fine motor skills which help to co-ordinate and control the small muscles in the body.M1) Growth carrys on developing apace during this phase, however not as fast as in the first few years, and body proportions and beginning to be more becoming more advanced. Children begin to be more sure of things and are line of merchandise of tying their on shoes laces, devising and decorating a cake, play sport such as football, grammatical construction a brick tower, play a musical instrument, throwing a ball and gymnastics. Children learn any skills through doing these activities such as co- ordination.Intellectual developmentFor the period of stage children begin to be able to do more logical activities, they also start to understand disparate concepts whilst you explain things to them however, the individual needs to see them in order to completely understand. As children start to grow up and start to develop intellectual skills their speech becomes more fluent and extremely clear. Likewise through this stage children start to develops the mother wit of the past, present and the succeeding(a).M1)we can only guess what children are thinking by their gestures and by what they say. During this stage of development numerous things start to change and take place in many differ ent countries this is the time where whenchildren often start dinner gown schooling, some ideas about what we should be teaching children at this stage are based on Piagets theories about what children are capable of understanding.Stage 1- Sensorimotor (0-2 years) the infant learns about the word through their senses such as their mouth and tasting. Born with reflexes- the infant learns to control their muscles and movements. The child needs to develop object permanence- Piaget said s/he doesnt remember and know that something still exists if it is out of chain reactor. Stage 2 pre-operational (2-7) Children can now use language but Piaget said they cant think in a logical way.They need to develop conservation i.e. understand that a tall slim trash of water doesnt contain more water than a short wide glass (children look at the physical size instead of using logic). Stage 3 Concrete operational (7-11 years) the child can use logic but bes to focus on practicable/observable solut ions. Stage 4 Formal operational (11+) the individual can now think about problems in their head and come up with different possible solutions. For an example if I turned on the light in a classroom which didnt work, why do you think this might be.As children are developing and acquiring older they are able to carry out more logical activities. They start to begin to understand different concepts but often need to actually see concrete objects in order to understand them. For example if the child is learning about fractions they will be able to understand it but only if they can use a concrete example like dividing up a pie so that a number of masses can each have a piece. As children retreat through this stage they become more or less fluent in language and may mature a full vocabulary.They start to be able to contrast sentences and use grammar fairly well, it is also during this stage that children begin to see things from other points of views not just their own, Also they have a sense of past, present and hereafter. clean development is something which also forms during this stage of development this is the process by which children adopt the rules and expectations of the society in which they are brought up and develop of wisdom of right and wrong. This would be learnt from the mickle around him such as their mother and father.Emotional developmentP1) During childhood the is the stage where children start to show pleasure towards their families and individuals who the children may be close to. They will create close attachments with these individuals, through this stage children start to develop and show may different emotions which for some changes for the wrong reason. Children will tend to act frustrated, sad and angry. This shows then they start to feel devolve or need help with something.M1) as children headway through this stage they start to loosen their attachments with their main carers although they still need their support. They arise to be more individual and start to develop a sense of self. Most of our emotional responses are learned from our primary caregivers. Most children learn to be in control of their emotions responses and to resolve conflict and carers should praise the child when this occurs while trying to understand the temper tantrums of licking that do occur. At this development the children start to show signs of compassion and empathy and again, carers need to encourage this. During this stage they also start to form the ability to talk about their feelings, even at a young age children will say things such as I feel sad or that makes me happy.Social developmentP1) childhood is when socialisation occurs to children, this is the development of bonds and friendships between individuals. And this is the stage where friendships outside the family become more epoch-making as they start to move from the stage into adolescence where that begins vital to them.M1) As children form into social begins they go through what is termed socialisation. Primary socialisation takes place within the family although there are many different types of familys. relationships with people outside of the family become more important as children move through this stage and into teenage years. One way in which these relationships develop is through play. Solitary is where young children like to explore and play with a wide range of toys by themselves. They will also like gamesof imagination and make-believe.The approximate age would be 0-2 years, parallel is where toddlers will play alongside others and will even watch what they do but will not play another the approximate age would be 2-3 years. Simple co- intelligence officer is where children join in many different activities with others and learn to share and take turns this would be aimed at 3-5 years and complex co- operative is children making up complex games with others, organising themselves and making their own rules. Approximate age would b e 5 years and onwards.Adolescence (Teenage ages (11-18 years)Physical developmentP1) During adolescence the physical change to an individuals bodies is going through puberty, which is a rapid growth of our bodies an when we become physically able to reproduce. Puberty occurs in both boys and girls usually at the bonny age of 12. Both female and males go through physically changes such as weight gain and growth spurts.(M1) At puberty, chemicals in your body called hormones set off many physical changes, including growth spurts and weight increases, and boys and girls begin to change and look different as they grow into a young men and women. equivalent changes to women and men are under arm hair grows, pubic hair, body smell gets stronger, emotional changes and growth rate increases. Changes which only happen for men are voice breaks, testes, penis increases, testes start to produce sperm cells, shoulders get wider and hair grows on face and chest. Changes which would happen for w omen breasts develop, ovaries start to release egg cells ( period starts) and hips get wider getting ready for pregnancy and birth.Intellectual developmentP1) At this stage of adolescence the mind develops broader and you start to learn the ability to work with abstract concepts. You also start to develop their long term memory which enables the individual to remember moreinformation and store it in their brain for a later date such as studying for a upcoming exams, this will be awfully key to in your carriage stage.M1) Stage 4 Formal operational (11+) the individual can now think about problems in their head and come up with different possible solutions. For an example if I turned on the light in a classroom which didnt work, why do you think this might be. Teenagers also begin to see the difference between fact and opinion, learns that current actions many have an effect on the future and in late teens they will start to think about what they would like to do in the future for a career.Emotional developmentP1) At this stage you start to develop your own identify as an individual and your emotional intelligence. Also through this stage their emotional develop is all over the place, it has been portrayed as one of storm and stress in this period it is very common for an individual to feel misunderstood at times and they may start to quarrel parental values.M1) At this stage the most important period in development of adult personality. Through this period teenagers may feel overwhelmed often teenagers alternate from behaving like children and then behaving as adults. They also frequently feel misunderstood and may challenge parental values, deliberately pushing against boundaries by this stage teenagers become less dependent on family for emotional support and turn to their friends for advice. This is called the influence of the peer group. Young people require to be accepted by their friends and this can be sometimes lead to difficult situations, affectin g both self- esteem and self- concept which may lead to depression, anxiety, being stressed and confused.Social developmentP1) this is the most difficult stage for social development because as you come be independent on your peers you may start to find it a compress to fit in with different crowds of individuals. For example the clothing you wear, or the type of personality they have. The main slew for social developmentthroughout adolescence is peer pressure.M1) Social and emotional development is interlinked and as teenagers gain independent, they spend more times with their friends. This allows them to practise social skills, sometimes called social intelligence. For some adolescents factors such as spirit in poverty, living in a dysfunction family and/or living somewhere in a are which as high crime make this period of life much more difficult. compeer pressure can also be difficult if in the wrong crowd this is often a period during which issues such as experimenting with alcohol, sexual orientation and attitudes towards education are examined. However sexual relationships vary on your social group the avenge age is 17 years old.Adulthood ( grown-up 18-65 years)Physical developmentP1) Individuals which are in their twenties and thirties which would be early adulthood are usually at the peak of their physical development. They are completely mature and it is at this stage that a lot of people have children, Individuals who are in their thirties or older start to see and feel the beginning of physical aging process.M1) Most elite perform at their bet in their twenties and even have to think about their retirement. Good exercise regimes and a healthy lifestyle can help to expand this ad many individuals decide to start to develop their fitness after this age. From around about the age of 30 the physical ripening process begins and individuals begin to note certain changes about their mien such as wrinkling of the skin, hearing and sight decline, bone s lose calcium, greying and thinning hair, flexibility reduces, circulatory system not as efficient and the menopause for women over 50.Intellectual developmentP1) Early adulthood is the stage where most individuals continue or further their education to get to their desired career, their intellectual health is very important because it helps creativity, general knowledge and commonsense. There is also evidence that memory decreases with age and, just as physical self needs exercise to keep flexible, so an individuals mind will also need to be kept active agent.M1) Intellectual development surely does not apprehension after the age of 18. Some individuals in our society either continue with their education or start work at this stage of development. A lot of young adults continue their education at a collage or university even this stage the individuals intellectual development does not stop. Once at work, many new skills are required and individuals may well also follow a number of more formal training courses. Young adults continue to develop problem solving and decision-making skills.Emotional developmentP1) Emotional development is very strong at this stage in life as individual aged between their twenties and thirties they will be thinking about life partners and developing close emotional bonds with one another. This is also the time where some people decide to have a family, which means new responsibilities. Most young adults have the emotional maturity to manage these, although there are sometimes too many pressures and they need to access outside help.Middle adulthood from the forties onwards is also a time of change and for some these changes can cause Mid-life crisis. Individuals will start to become aware of their physical ageing, women will go through the menopause, there are a fewer job options, some children are thinking of moving away from their parents, and middle aged adults may be helping facial expression after their own ageing parents, w ho are themselves experiencing difficulties. However for many people it is a positive degree time their understand is valued, they have been productive, there is more freedom as children leave home and people are usually established in their communities. Individuals can look at the contribution they have made to society which gives them a sense of belonging and well-being.Social DevelopmentP1) Social changes are significant throughout this stage. In an individuals twenties they usually do not have too many responsibilities and most people are able to spend quite a bit of free time socializing with other people because friendships becomes vital and they begin to find it exciting being with other individuals and meeting new people.M1) Friendships are vital, both same sex and opposite sex, and meting new individuals is often an exciting activity. Throughout this stage there are many different types of relationships that develop both public and personal. The personal ones will be ext ended families, long-term friends and, possibly, a life partner. Public relationships are those which take place in the wider world. much(prenominal) as the world of work, social networks are developed and maintained through a number of different ways.Old age (65+ years)Physical DevelopmentP1) This can be a very important stage as physical appears starts to change, the skin starts to become lose and wrinkle in all places, most unremarkably the face and hands. The hair starts to thin and become grey, in most cases fall out easier. The skeletal bones and the joints become weak and fragile and start to give way. An individual may also develop sight and hearing impairments which is blindness and deafness and the brain stops development if the person is not kept active and this results in memory loss for most individuals.M1) Once an individual hits the age around about their mid-sixties their ageing process progresses more quickly. At some point almost all older people will have to dea l with some sort of disability as they are no long-life able to the things which they were able to do at a younger stage. Different physical effects of ageing can be their eye sight may find it difficult reading and the brain may cause some memory loss.Intellectual developmentP1) During this stage keeping mentally active you will still be able to learndifferent skills and hobbies, you can keep you intellectual development increase through lifestyle factors, if you are an active individual this could just be through walking then you are more than likely going to keep your brain mentally more active than those who do not do any physical activity such as exercise.M1) Many individuals do not retire until much later and often act as advisors due to long life experience and wisdom. Older individuals can still learn different skills and hobbies, which has been shown to help people in a positive way. They can learn foreign language, bridge, learn to play a musical instrument, join a movin g-picture show or pottery glass and play scrabble. Many of these activates also involve others, which in itself provides mental stimulation. Social factors can also be significant. Older individuals who live with their family members and who have a lot of human interactions tend to a lot better both in terms of physical and intellectual health than those who more isolated in old age.Emotional DevelopmentP1) Emotional development in old age can be equally positive and negative. When an individual gets to the stage of old age it is known that they have a sense of pride. This is because many young individuals will look up to the older generation and want to listen to the things they have to say. From that it will make them feel like they have made a good contribution to their community. Likewise some older individuals look forward to having their own free time to be able to spend with their family and friends or people who they are with during hobbies.M1)Many old individuals are satisf ied to be able to have more free time and are able to spend their retirement visiting family and friends or pursing their hobbies. In some societies the wisdom of old age is valued so those individuals feel they are making a contribution to their communities. But if this is not the cause it can make people feel that they are just a drain.Social DevelopmentP1) During old age individuals start to consider retirement, this means that most of the elderly become less social in the community, however it gives them more social time with individuals who care about them such as friends and family. If the individual had strong connections with family and friends this would be the stage where an individual can feel they are losing bonds. This is because people around your own age or older will start to lose their lives which will end up leaving you with a loss of a close friend or a family member is can lead to heavy depression and upset.M1) Many individuals prepare for retirement by developin g interests that can followed later and other may do voluntary work. These kinds of social interactions have been shown to be vital for a healthy older age. If families do not live nearby, when partners and friends die or health problems make it difficult to get out, it is easy to become isolated and depressed. But there are now many services designed to help avoid this situation.BibliographyClass notesText book health and social care Level 2 Btec first Elizabeth Haworth Unit 8 published by Pearson Education check 2010