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Thursday 28 March 2013

The 2 Party System

Following the publication of the Declaration of Independence (1776) and before the sure-fire resolution of the War for Independence (1783), the American colonies decided it would be best to confederate, at least for the purposes of entering into strategic alliances with European powers and perhaps waging war again with the mother country. This gave the U.S. the Articles of Confederation (1781), the first gear constitution of the United States. But the Articles were soon deemed inadequate and a nonher(prenominal) Constitutional Convention was called (1787) which resulted in the U.S. Constitution (1789). But not without a fight. The Federalists were of course instrumental in the movement for the sore U.S. Constitution and for a stronger Federal role. The so-called Anti-Federalists were concerned that this new Federal establishment might over-power the states sovereignties and abridge individual citizens rights (most states had a long and proud history of individual rights). The passage of the vizor of Rights, as a permanent limit to the powers of the Federal government, answered practically of that argument. Nonetheless, the struggle between a strong Federal government and state sovereignties has been an important thread in the play of our cardinal-part system from the very beginning.
From that beginning in 1789, the U.S.

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didnt have a two-party system; it had George Washington, a President without a party. During his two terms, a rivalry grew between John Adams and Thomas Jefferson, both Federalists. Jefferson challenged Adams under the banner of the Democratic-Republican party. Interesting that this first real party, alone, should contract the nominal seeds of the present two-party system. The word Democratic implies go out of the people, the word Republican implies rule of law (protection from a dominance tyranny of the majority). The (mostly aristocratic and Virginian) Democratic-Republicans kept the Presidency from 1800 through 1828.
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